1. Velchi
Clay and sandy clay soil types are best suitable for its cultivation. This variety is suited for preparation of South Indian meals.
2. Norungan
It is a coarse variety and the rice is suitable for making idli.
3. Varappu Kudainchan
The roots of these varieties penetrate to a great depth into the ridges and are hence called "Varappu Kudainchan" (Varappu - Ridges; Kudainchan - Penetrator in Tamil). The rice is highly suitable for making idli.
4. Mattaikkar
It is a drought tolerant variety. The rice of this variety is ideal for making idli and dosas.
5. Thidakkal
This variety of rice is suitable for making idli and dosas.
6. Sadakar
It is highly suitable for cultivation in the hilly slopes. It is cultivated in the hilly slopes of Kalvarayan range in the Villupuram district of Tamil Nadu.
It is extremely suitable for making dishes like idly and dosa.
The rice is also suitable for the South Indian meal.
Highly resistant to pest and disease.
7. Sempalai
The rice of this variety is good for the South Indian meal.
It is highly suitable for making ' Pori ' (puffed rice).
Highly resistant to pest and disease.
8. Sigappu kuzhiyadichan
Since it is a coarse variety, it is ideal for preparation of idli and dosa.
9. Kallundai
The rice of this variety is highly suitable for making dishes such as idly and dosa.
Grows well in soil which is high in sand content. Useful for cultivation in coastal areas.
10. Kuruvai Kalanchiyam
It is a coarse variety.
it is ideal for making idli, dosa.
11. Chithiraikkar
The rice of this variety is suited for making idly, dosa.
12. Pattaraikkar
It is suitable for making idly, dosa.
Can also be used for preparing South Indian meals.
13. Periyavari
The leaves and stem of this variety resemble the sugarcane.
The rice is suitable for making dishes such as idly and dosa.
Since the circumference of the stem is more than 2 cm., it is a preferred roofing material.
14. Kudaivazhai
The earheads of this variety appear like open umbrellas and hence the name 'Kudaivazhai' (Kudai = Umbrella).
The rice of this variety is highly suitable for making dishes such as Idly and Dosa.
Since it grows upto 5 feet, the stem is 2.5 cm thick the straw is used as roofing material.
This variety is highly suitable for areas where there is water logging.
Since this is a short duration variety it can even be cultivated thrice a year.
15. Sivappu kuruvikar
This variety is highly suitable for making the idly and dosa.
Resistant to brown plant hopper and case worm.
Gives a good yield even when dry sown.
Since the weight of the grain is high, it gives good yield.
Highly resistant to pest and disease.
16. Kattukuthalam
This is a short duration variety and can be grown in all the three seasons.
It is extremely suitable for making dishes like idly and dosa.
The grain weight is quite heavy.
Grows in areas which have good drainage facility.
17. Karuppu nel
It is ideal for making idly, dosa.
Suitable for saline soil.
It is suitable for making a speciality dish called 'Pittu' of South India .
18. Kollikkar
It is suitable for preparing idly, dosa.
19. Ondrarai samba
This variety is good for South Indian meals and also for making idli, dosa.
The grains of this variety are long.
The length of the grains of this variety is 1 ½ times the length of the grains of Samba variety. Hence it is called "Ondrarai Samba" (Ondrarai in Tamil means 1½).
20. Ariyan nel
Ideal for making idly, dosa.
21. Kouni nel
The rice of this variety is ideal for preparing the traditional South Indian breakfast foods like idly and dosa.
22. Puzhuthiikar
It is ideal for preparing idli, dosa.
It can withstand drought.
23. Sooran Kuruvai
The rice of this variety is ideal for making idli and dosa.
24. Vellaikkariyan
It is ideal for making idlis.
25. Koomvalai
This variety grows up to the height of 4.5 - 5 feet.
The straw of this variety is preferred as a roofing material.
The rice is highly suitable for making dishes such as idly and dosa.
This variety is suitable for sandy soil and also areas prone to water logging.
26. G.E.B. 24
Since this is a fine variety the rice is suitable for the South Indian meal and also for preparing a special dish 'Biriyani'.
It is highly resistant to drought.
Remarks
This variety is a selection from the local variety Kitchili samba. G.E.B. 24 denotes that the strain was evolved by the Government Economic Botanist.
27. Sandikar
The rice of this variety is ideal for South Indian meals.
28. Thinni
It is highly suitable for preparing South Indian meals.
It is ideal for preparing special dishes like 'Biriyani'.
29. Maranel
Ideal for preparing tiffen varieties like idli, dosa.
The grains of this variety have a tough seed coat. So, the grains do not germinate even if there is heavy rainfall at the time of harvest.
30. Thooyamallee
The rice of this variety is highly suitable for the South Indian meal. It is also used for making special dishes like 'Biriyani'.
During the flowering stage the earheads look like flowers.
In Tamil 'Thooyamallee" literally means pure jasmine. Since the rice of this variety is white in colour like that of jasmine it is known by this name.
Highly resistant to pest and disease.
Since this is a fine variety it fetches a good price.
31. Kitchili samba
This variety is highly suitable for the South Indian meal and also used for making a special dish called 'biriyani'.
This variety is highly suitable for dry sowing.
Highly resistant to pest and disease.
32. Seeraga samba
Since the rice of this variety resembles the shape of a spice "Seeragam" it has got the name "Seeraga Samba".
The rice is extremely fine and aromatic, hence it is used for making 'Biriyani'.
Since it is aromatic, it fetches the highest price amongst all indigenous paddy varieties of Tamil Nadu.
33. Perungar
This variety is highly suitable for making idly and dosa.
Also highly resistant to pest and disease.
It is suitable for cultivation in areas prone to water logging .
34. Mathimuni
The rice of this variety is ideal for making South Indian meals, idly and dosa.
35. Jil Jil Vaigunda
This variety is highly drought resistant.
This variety is suitable for making idli, dosa and also in the South Indian meal.
This variety comes to harvest 10 days before the Vaigunda.
36. Kappakkar
This variety is highly suitable for making idly and dosa.
Gives a high yield in clayey soil.
Suitable for growing in water logging areas as well as drought prone areas.
Suitable for preparing Aval (flattened rice).
This variety is used in the feast given during several rituals like "Seemantham" (a ritual conducted during pregnancy).
37. Vaigunda
Extremely suitable for making ' Pori ' (puffed rice).
Also suitable for making idli.
It can be grown in areas prone to water logging as well as in drought prone areas.
This variety grows faster than the weeds in the field.
38. Pisini
Extremely suitable for making dosa and porridge.
Also suitable for making 'Aval' (flattened rice).
Highly drought resistant.
Since the earheads are found with awn it is important to take extra care while removing the grains.
If there is excess mist during the milky stage the grains become chaffy.
39. Pattar pisin
It is ideal for making idly, dosa.
40. Puzhuthi samba
Ideal for dry sowing.
Drought resistant variety.
41. Vadan samba
It is highly suitable for preparing the traditional South Indian delicacies such as the idly and dosa.
Since the grains shatter, it is important to harvest them when they are still green.
Highly resistant to pest and disease.
It is also a highly drought resistant variety.
42. Kurangu samba
The earheads are very long.
There are upto 267 grains in one earhead.
The rice of this variety is suitable for the South Indian meal.
It grows in areas prone to water logging as well as dry areas.
Highly resistant to pest and disease.
43. Kudhiraival samba
It is better to grow this variety by transplantation.
The rice is suitable for the South Indian meal.
Can be grown in areas prone to water logging.
Highly resistant to pest and disease.
44. Kappa samba
It is highly suitable for preparing the traditional South Indian delicacies such as the idly and dosa.
During the flowering stage there is a needle like awn at the tip of all grains. However, on maturity some of them drop off.
Highly resistant to pest and disease.
45. Kallimadaiyan
The rice of this variety is highly suitable for making a South Indian snack called 'Murukku'. The Manapparai murukku became very popular since it was prepared by using this variety of rice.
It is also suitable for the South Indian meal.
Highly resistant to pest and disease.
46. Thangam samba
The earhead of this variety is very long.
Since this variety of rice is extremely fine and long it is used for the preparation of special dishes like pulav. It is suitable for the South Indian meal.
The word 'Thangam' in Tamil means 'Gold'. Since the matured grains are golden in colour the variety is known as 'Thanga Samba'.
47. Samba
This variety is highly suitable for making idly and dosa. It is also suitable for the South Indian meal.
It can be grown in areas prone to water logging and also in saline soils.
Highly resistant to pest and disease.
48. Kaliyan samba
It grows very tall to a height of 167 cm.
Extremely suitable for making idli and dosa.
It can be grown in areas prone to water logging and low lying areas.
Highly resistant to pest and disease.
49. Chengalpattu sirumani
The rice is highly suitable for the South Indian meal.
It is a high yielder. It was grown very prominently in the Chengalpattu district of Tamil Nadu and hence the name "Chengalpat Sirumani".
Grows in areas prone to watter logging.
50. Karunguruvai
It is ideal for making idly, dosa.
51. Selam samba
It is ideal for preparing South Indian meals.
52. Vellai chithiraikkar
It is highly suitable for preparing South Indian meals.
53. Karuthakkar
It is suitable for making idli, dosa.
54. Kandasel / Kandasali
It is ideal for preparing South Indian meals.
55. Rasagadam
It is ideal for preparation of South Indian meals.
The grains of this variety are very small and round.
56. Kattu samba
It is ideal for preparation of South Indian meals.
The grains of this variety are very small and round.
57. Konakkuruvai
Since it is a coarse variety, it is ideal for making idli, dosa.
It is a short duration crop. It can even be cultivated 2 - 3 times in a year.
58. Kuzhiyadichan
Kuzhiyadichan is highly suitable for making dishes such as idly and dosa.
Suitable for saline soil and land which has good drainage facility.
Highly drought resistant.
Highly resistant to pest and disease.
It is also called 'Kulikulichan'. It is ideal for lactating mothers, since it increases the milk flow.
59. Sornavali
The rice of this variety is suitable for the South Indian meals and also for preparing idli, dosas.
60. Vellaikkuruvai
This rice is suitable for the South Indian meal.
It is also ideal for making idli, dosa.
61. Kallurundaiyan
The rice of this variety is highly suitable for making dishes such as idly and dosa.
Grows well in soil which is high in sand content. Useful for cultivation in coastal areas.
62. Sornavari
Ideal for preparing idli, dosa
It can withstand drought conditions.
63. Kar samba
The rice of this variety is ideal for making idli, dosa.
64. Mahate
It is suitable for making idli, dosa.
65. Jirkudai
It is suitable for South Indian meals.
Also suited for preparing idly, dosa.
One tip of the grain is black in colour.
66. Kadaikazhuthan
The rice of the variety is higly suitable for the South Indian meal.
It is also known as 'Garudan samba'. The appearance of the grains is like the neck of the brahmini kite (Garudan) - ie. it has a white ring and hence the name.
It is suitable for making a speciality dish called 'Pittu' of South India.
Grows well in areas which has good drainage facilities.
67. Neelan samba
A highly suitable variety for areas which are prone to water logging. It is best suited for cultivation in the vicinity of lakes.
Resistant to brown plant hopper and earhead bug.
It increases the milk yield in lactating mothers and hence suitable for them.
Since the straw is very long it is used as a roofing material.
68. Samba mosanam
This variety is also called Puzudikal, Eri nel and Maduvu muzangi. It is suitable for growing in the vicinity of lakes. It is said that people travelled by boats and harvested the 'Samba mosanam' in the lakes.
The variety is good for preparing aval. (flattened rice), idly and dosa.
69. Sempalai (D.K.M.)
The rice of this variety is good for the South Indian meal.
It is highly suitable for making 'Pori' (puffed rice).
Highly resistant to pest and disease.
70. Karthigai samba
This variety is suitable for making idly, dosa.
71. Puzhuthikal
This variety is ideal for preparing South Indian meals.
72. Kuruvaikalayan (ASD-4)
It is ideal for making idly, dosa.
73. Lakshmi kajal
The rice of this variety is ideal for making idly, dosa.
Kajal is a Hindi word which means Collyrium. Since the grains of this variety are black in colour like collyrium, this variety is known as "Lakshmi Kajal".
74. Mattaikkuruvai (ADT-26)
It is ideal for preparing South Indian meals, idly and dosa.
75. Arubatham samba (CO-21)
It is suited for preparation of South Indian meals.
There are black dots on the tips of the grains.
76. Sanna samba (ADT-13)
The rice of this variety is ideal for preparing idli, dosa.
It is also suited for preparation of South Indian meals.
77. Veethivadangan (ASD-3)
It is ideal for making idli, dosa.
78. Chithiraikar (Pondy)
The rice of this variety is suited for making idly, dosa.
79. Pitchavari
The rice of this variety is highly suitable for making a special dish called 'Pittu'.
It is used for treatment of diarrhoea in cattle. It also increases appetite in cattle.
Highly resistant to pest and disease.
It is suitable for cultivation in areas prone to water logging as well as drought prone areas.
80. Muttakkar
It is highly suitable for preparing the traditional South Indian delicacies such as the idly and dosa.
Highly resistant to pest and disease.
81. Kullakkar
This variety is highly suitable for preparing the idly and dosa. It is also used in the preparation of porridge.
Since it is a short duration variety it can be grown in all the three seasons.
Highly drought resistant. However, there should be no water logging.
Highly resistant to pest and disease.
The straw is preferred as a roofing material.
82. Aruvadhan kodai
This variety is also known as "Poongar".
After harvest of the samba paddy the land is ploughed once or twice and this variety is sown.
83. Sembilipanni
84. Vellaikkuruvai (Sobanapuram - Thuraiyur)
This rice is suitable for the South Indian meal.
It is also ideal for making idli, dosa.
85. Katta samba
It is ideal for South Indian meals.
It can withstand drought conditions.
86. Vangu vellai
87. Cochin samba
88. Kollan samba
89. Valla arakkan
90. Navara
91. Vasaramundan
92. Veer adangan
93. Gandakesala
94. Chennel
95. Chomala
96. Njavara
97. Veliyan
98. Sigappu Jermany
99. Ottadai
100. Kuruvai
101. Kattu vaniyam
102. Katta samba
103. Kunthali
104. Kattanur Nel
105. Vellai Poonkar
106. Murugangar nel
107. Oazhava Katrazhai
108. Sureka
109. Pathrakali
110. Kamban samba
111. Sivappu chithiraikar
112. Mattai 110
113. Vellai nel
114. Rongalachi dhan
115. Chot dhan
116. Jogarnath dhan
117. Ninni dhan
118. Amsipiti dhan
119. Bhatta dhan
120. Biagunda dhan
121. Lendhi dhan
122. Oldisaur dhan
123. Bod dhan
124. Eravapandi (PTB-18)
125. Kalarpalai
126. Mottakur
127. Poongar
128. Kaividhai samba
129. Aravan Kuruva
130. Soolaikuruvai
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